After the king's fall S'ri Kerta-state, royal Singhasa-ri was under the suzerainty Jayakatwang of Kadiri. One of the descendants of the ruler Singhasa-ri, Raden Wijaya, then tried to regain control of his ancestors. He is a descendant of Ken Angrok, king Singha-sa-ri first and son of Dyah Le (MBU Tal. It is also known by another name, namely Nararyya Sanggramawijaya. According to historical sources, Raden Wijaya is actually mantu Ke (rtana-because that is still counted nephew. Book Pararaton mention that he married two children of the king as well, but the book Na-garakerta-gama states instead of two but four girls Ke (rtana-because he married all. At the time Jayakatwang attack Singhasa-ri, Raden Wijaya ordered to defend the capital in the north. The defeat suffered Singhasa-ri cause Raden Wijaya seeking refuge to a village called Kudadu, tired of being chased by the enemy with the rest of the troops to stay twelve people. Thanks to the help of the village chief Kudadu, the group Raden Wijaya can cross the sea to Madura and there protection of Aryya Wiraraja, a regent of the island. Thanks to the help Aryya Wiraraja, Raden Wijaya then be returned to Java and accepted by the king Jayakatwang.Not long after he was given an area in the forest Te (rik to be opened into the village, with the pretext to anticipate enemy attacks from the north of the river Brantas. Thanks to the help Aryya Wiraraja he then founded the new village named Majapahit. In this village Raden Wijaya then lead and gather strength, especially the people who are loyal to the late Kertanegara derived from Daha area and Tumapel. Aryya Wiraraja himself preparing his troops in Madura to help Raden Wijaya when the time is needed. Rupaya he does not like the king Jayakatwang.
Unforeseen that in the year 1293 Java arrival of Chinese troops sent by Kubhilai Khan to punish Singhasa-ri humiliation ever received envoy in 1289. This large amount of troops after a stop in Sydney for a few months and then entered through the river Java Brantas go directly to Daha. Arrival is known by Raden Wijaya, he asked for permission to join the Chinese troops were received with joy. Daha invasion carried out from land or river that runs fierce throughout the morning until noon. The combined forces of China and Raden Wijaya 5,000 troops managed to destroy Daha. With the power of living a half, Jayakatwang retreat to refuge in the castle. Afternoon, realizing that he could not defend anymore Daha, Jayakatwang out of the fort and gave himself for later captured by Chinese troops.
Escorted by two officers and 200 troops of China, Raden Wijaya asked permission to go back to Majapahit to prepare a tribute to the emperor Khubilai Khan. However, by using ruse both officers and guards managed destroyed by Raden Wijaya. In fact, he turned to lead Majapahit troops stormed remaining Chinese forces were not aware that Raden Wijaya will do so. Three thousand members of the royal troops of the Chinese Yuan may be destroyed by the troops of Majapahit, the rest fled from the exit of Java by leaving many victims. Finally ideals Raden Wijaya to drop Daha and reply hurt to Jayakatwang can be realized by utilizing foreign soldiers. He then proclaimed the founding of a new kingdom called Majapahit. Raden Wijaya in 1215 crowned the first king with the title S'ri Ke (rtara-Jayawardhana services. The four children Kertanegara made consort with a degree S'ri Parames'wari Dyah Dewi Tribhu-wanes'wari, S'ri Maha-goddess Dyah Dewi Narendraduhita-, S'ri Jayendradewi Dyah Dewi Prajnya-paramita-, and Ra-jendradewi S'ri Dyah Dewi Gayatri. From Tribhu-wanes'wari he obtained a boy named Jayanegara as crown prince who ruled in Kadiri. From Gayatri he acquired two daughters, Tribhu-wanottunggadewi Jayawisnuwardhani domiciled in Jiwana (Kahuripan) and Ra-jadewi Maha-ra-services in Daha. Raden Wijaya still married to a wife again, this time coming from Jambi in Sumatra named Dara plot and have children from her named Kalage (me (t. Another woman who also comes with Dara plot that Dara Orange, diperisteri by relatives of the king of title 'god' and had a son named Lord Janaka, who were later known as Adhityawarman, king of Malay in Sumatra , The arrival of the two women of Jambi is the result of friendship yaang diplomacy conducted by Ke (rtana-gara to the king Malay Jambi to work together to stem the influence Kubhilai Khan. On the basis of friendship is this king of Malay, S'rimat Tribhu-Wanara-ja Mauliwarmadewa , sending two relatives to marry the king Singhasa-ri. From historical records note that Dara Orange did not feel at home in Majapahit and finally returned to his hometown.
Raden Wijaya died in 1309 was replaced by Jayana-gara. As at the end of his reign, the reign of Jayana-because much undermined by the uprising of people who previously helped Raden Wijaya establish the kingdom of Majapahit. The struggle for influence and betrayal led to many heroes who rendered great services eventually branded as enemies of the kingdom. At first Jayana-gara also influenced by incitement Maha-starch being the ringleader of the dispute, but then he realized this mistake and ordered the police to execute the trust it. In such a situation arises soldier who was smart and brave named Gajah Mada. He appeared as a figure who managed mamadamkan uprising Kuti, whereas his position at that time only existed as of the guard (Be (to (l bhayangka-ri). His skills maneuvering and diplomacy in the future will bring Gajah Mada in a very high position in the government Majapahit kingdom, which is as Mahamantri kingdom.
At the time of Jayana-because relations with China rebounded. Trade between the two countries is increasing and many Chinese who settled in Majapahit. Jayana-gara ruled about 11 years, in 1328 he was killed by his doctors called Tanca because philandering with his wife. Tanca then executed by Gajah Mada.
Since it has no son, leadership of Majapahit was eventually taken over by a sister named Jayawisnuwarddhani Jayana-because, otherwise known as Bhre Kahuripan according to the territory ruled by him before becoming queen. But the uprising in the country that continues causing Majapahit always in a state of war. One is rebellion Sade (ng and Keta in 1331 to bring back the name of Gajah Mada to the surface. Both can be extinguished by a clear margin in the Majapahit. Following the events of this, Mahapatih Gajah Mada pronounce his oath famous, that he would not amukti palapa before subjecting the region -area in the archipelago, such as the Desert (Borneo), Seran (?), Tanjongpura (Borneo), Haru (Maluku?), Pahang (Malaysia), Dompo (Sumbawa), Balinese, Sundanese (West Java), Palembang (Sumatra) and Tumasik (Singapore). To prove his vow, in 1343 he succeeded ditundukan Bali.
Jayawisnuwaddhani queen reigned for a long time, 22 years before resigning and being replaced by his son from his marriage Hayam Wuruk Cakradhara, ruler of Singha-sari.Hayam Wuruk crowned as king in 1350 with a degree S'ri Rajasana-gara. Gajah Mada continue to serve as Patih Hamangkubhu-mi (maha-duke) who had gained while serving the king's mother. In the reign of Hayam Wuruk of Majapahit reached the peak of greatness here. Gajah Mada ambition to subdue the archipelago achieve a result in this period so that the perceived influence of Majapahit power to peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Maluku, to Papua. West Java but can only be conquered in the year 1357 through a battle known as Bubat events, namely when the marriage plans between Dyah Pitaloka-, daughter of the king of Padjadjaran, with Hayam Wuruk turned into open warfare in the field Bubat, namely a court in the capital of the kingdom The royal party camp site. Dyah as a result of the war that led to suicide Pitaloka- political marriage of two kingdoms in Java failed. Pararaton book mentioned that after the event Hayam Wuruk held a large ceremony to honor the Sundanese people who died in the incident. It should be noted at the same time bring the real kingdom of Majapahit also conducting eskpedisi to Dompo (Padompo) headed by a senior named Nala.
After the events Bubat, Maha-vizier Gajah Mada resigned due to old age, while Hayam Wuruk finally marry his own cousin named Pa-grief S'ori, son of Bhre We (ngke (r still counted her aunt.
Hayam Wuruk under the rule of the Majapahit kingdom into an empire that is strong, both in economics and politics. Hayam Wuruk ordered the manufacture of dams and water channels for irrigation and flood control. A number of river port was designed to facilitate the transport and unloading of goods. Fourteen years after he ruled, Maha-vizier Gajah Mada died in 1364. Position patih Hamangkubhu-mi is not filled for three years before finally Elephant Enggon Hayam Wuruk appointed to fill the position.Unfortunately, not much information about Elephant Enggon in inscriptions or texts that may reveal the Majapahit era exploits.
King Hayam Wuruk died in 1389. Daughter, which constitute his own nephew named Wikramawarddhana ascended the throne as king, it is not Kusumawarddhani which is a direct line of descent from the Hayam Wuruk. He reigned for twelve years before resigning as pastor. Before abdicated he assign it to her daughter, Suhita become queen.It is not approved by Bhre Wirabhu-mi, the son of a concubine Hayam Wuruk who wants the throne from his nephew. Power struggle is led to a civil war known as the War Pare (gre (g. Bhre Wirabhumi initially acquire victory eventually had to flee after Bhre Tumape (l intervened to help the Suhita. Bhre Wirabhu-mi lose even eventually killed by Raden Elephant. The family dispute brought a never-ending grudge. Several years after the killing Bhre Wirabhu-mi now turn Raden elephant put to death for the killing innocent nobles.
Suhita died in 1477, and therefore do not have children then the position was replaced by his brother, Bhre Tumape (l Dyah Ke (rtawijaya. Soon he ruled replaced by Bhre Pamotan title S'ri Ra-jasawardhana are also only three-year reign. Even between the years 1453-1456 Majapahit empire does not have a king was due to conflicts within the family more pointed. The situation eased when Dyah Su-ryawikrama Giris'awardhana ascended the throne. He was no longer in control of the kingdom because after the seizure of power back berkecambuk. Such is the power alternated several times from the year 1466 until the year 1500. The news Chinese, Italian, and Portuguese still name the Majapahit in 1499 without mentioning the name of the king. The more widespread influence of the small kingdom of Demak on the north coast of Java who embraced Islam, is one of the causes of the collapse of the Majapahit kingdom. In 1522 Majapahit no longer referred to as a kingdom but only a city. Government on the island of Java has been switched to Demak under the rule of Duke Unus, child Broken Raden, founder of the kingdom of Demak which still descendants Bhre Kertabhu-mi. He destroyed Majapahit because he wanted to avenge his grandmother hurt, defeated king Dyah Girindrawarddhana Ranawijaya. So then in 1478 ruined as a kingdom of Majapahit ruler of the archipelago and turned satusnya as king conquered areas Demak. Ended the series mastery Hindu kings in East Java started by Keng Angrok when establishing kingdom-sari Singha, replaced by a new form of empire-style Islam.
Ironically, family disputes and resentment that led to the collapse of this empire sustained, not caused by the invasion of other nations who occupied the island of Java.
(Source: http://www.mojokerto.info. Excerpted from the Indonesian National History Volume II, 1984, pages 420-445, published by Balai Pustaka PP, Jakarta)
